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Neurodiversity refers to the natural variation in human brains and minds. It encompasses all brain differences and infinite variations in the human genome, regardless of whether someone has a “typical” mind or a neurodevelopmental difference. These could be identified as Autism Spectrum (ASD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity (ADHD) etc. Trauma and exposure to drugs/alcohol in utero can also lead to developmental differences in the brain. Importantly, the concept of neurodiversity also recognises neurotypical individuals—those without identified neurological conditions—as part of this diverse spectrum1.
The Neurodiversity Paradigm
Everyone has their unique way of thinking, feeling, and being in the world. Whether someone has ASD, ADHD, dyslexia, depression, or any other brain development that functions differently. Rather than making excuses for people with diverse needs the paradigm encourages us to celebrate these differences and appreciate each person’s strengths and weaknesses1.
Language: Neurodivergent, Neurodiverse, Neurotypical
Neurodivergent: An individual is considered neurodivergent if their neurological development and functioning differ from what is considered “neurotypical.” In other words, neurodivergence acknowledges cognitive variations that deviate from the deemed norm. . Neurodivergent individuals contribute to the rich tapestry of human cognition and experience2.
Neurodiverse: The term neurodiverse highlights the importance of recognising and valuing natural brain variation. It encompasses everyone, whether they have a diagnosed condition or not. Neurodiversity is about understanding that every person’s brain functions uniquely, regardless of labels or assumptions. It’s a celebration of our diverse ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving1.
Neurotypical: Are individuals with no identified neurological conditions. While neurodiversity primarily focuses on those with cognitive variations, it also includes neurotypicals. After all, understanding and appreciating diverse minds benefit everyone. By embracing neurodiversity, we create a more inclusive and compassionate world for all1.
Neurodiversity in the Classroom.
Embracing neurodiversity in the classroom involves understanding and appreciating the unique ways students process information and engage with the world. Here are practical ways educators can support neurodiverse students:
Foster a psychologically safe environment: Create a classroom where students feel safe asking questions and expressing their understanding. Active listening and empathy help build trust and confidence.
Provide multiple ways of learning: Recognise that no two students learn the same way. Offer diverse teaching methods, such as visual aids (diagrams, videos), hands-on activities, and auditory discussions12.
Universal Design for Learning (UDL) is a framework that supports neurodiversity in the classroom.
Neurodiversity invites us to celebrate our cognitive differences, recognise our shared humanity, and build a society that values every unique mind. 🌈
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